, OCHI itsuoMD., PhDM...iirroosshhmmaaUUnnii iivveerrssiittyy06PPrreessiiddeenntt,, HHunder the Cabinet Office. I think that this move has resulted in some positive results, such as the establishment of the Fusion Oriented REsearch for disruptive Science and Technology (FOREST) program, which is a Japan Science and Technolo-gy Agency funding scheme that promotes daring and innovative research by young researchers for a period of up to 10 years.Ochi: At Hiroshima University, seven young researchers have been chosen for the FOREST program. I believe that outside-the-box thinking is absolutely necessary to train researchers who can lead creatively disruptive innovation.What was the most unforgettable experience you had as the President of Kyoto University?Yamagiwa: Surveying an institution from the viewpoint of its top leader is an experience unlike any other. In 2022, Kyoto University has marked the 125th anniversary of its establishment, a major milestone and opportunity to review its history. Kyoto University was basically founded by Kinmo-chi Saionji (1849-1940), who served twice as the Prime Minister. He studied in France for nine years. Hiroji Kinoshita (1851-1910), the first President of Kyoto University, also studied in France for seven years. We can say that the establishment of Kyoto University was strongly inspired by French liberal thought. Kyoto University started as a university where research could be pursued with a high degree of freedom, whereas the University of Tokyo was designed to train future government officials. Kyoto was strongly research-oriented from the beginning, although its emphasis was more on practical research than basic research, as compared to European universities. I think it was this tradition at Kyoto that eventually led to Ja-panʼs first Nobel Prize being bestowed on a Kyoto University scholar after World War II. The axiom from The Analects of Confucius, “Those who do not look far into the future are bound to have trouble in the near future,” applies to university administration as well. A university canʼt develop a distinctive character if its administrators are only concerned about short-term outcomes.Ochi: Hiroshima University was established in 1949 under the new educational system on Referring to his research on gorillas, Dr. Yamagiwa said, “In order to survive in society, human beings have learned to empathize with others, thereby greatly developing the brain and acquiring language. Today, however, people have become less collective-minded, only barely connected with one another via information, with much fewer opportunities to mobilize their empathizing ability.” He then conveyed this message to the students: “I would like to encourage you to not only acquire knowledge in university but also develop your ability to empathize with others and effectively express yourself to others, nurturing globally applicable qualities.”the foundation of nine forerunning institutions including Hiroshima Higher Normal School, which was related to Hakushima School established in 1874. Tatsuo Morito, who became HUʼs first president in 1950, had been forced out of his post of Assistant Professor at Tokyo Imperial University due to an article he wrote which was critical of the pre-war Japanese political system. After the end of the war, he served as a member of the House of Representatives and as Education Minister and eventually returned to Hiroshima to become the President of Hiroshima University in response to strong local demand. I have read Moritoʼs articles and autobiography. By tracing his footsteps and those of other predecessors of mine, I have defined the perspective from which I should lead this institution, just like you did. I believe that national universities have the great advantage of being able to freely pursue their activities from a long-term perspective while fulfilling the public mission of re-sponding to societyʼs needs. However, with regard to faculty recruitment handled within a single department, it is rare to find the kind of autonomy that would take form in hiring people from outside, from totally new domains. In AY 2016, Hiroshima University established the Academy in order to centralize human resource management because we believe it is essential to manage human resources from a university-wide perspective rather than in a manner that is closed internally.Yamagiwa: Without handling personnel affairs in a way that is open toward the new era, you can end up recruiting people only from within your closed circles. In the academic year 2016, Kyoto University also introduced a new system of classifying researchersʼ research areas that adds transparency to human resource management. In this system, academic faculty members belong to more broadly defined domains or streams, instead of the narrowly defined conventional departments or graduate schools. I believe that changes like this are naturally called for by the times.Ochi: The concept of leadership proposed by A leaderʼs viewpointIn May 2022, Dr. Juichi Yamagiwa, former President of Kyoto University and the current Director-General of the Research Institute for Humanity and Nature, visited Hiroshima University to deliver a lecture within the framework of HUʼs Lecture Series, “Liberal Arts Education for Spreading Your Wings around the World.” Following his lecture titled “Science, Technology, and University Education” before an audience of 450 newly admitted HU students, Dr. Yamagiwa met with HU President Mitsuo Ochi for a talk covering a wide range of subjects from the for-merʼs early research on gorillas, to leadership, and how universi-ties should be operated in these rapidly changing times.e “jungle” called a university
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